There is a single lone pair on Nitrogen atom in ammonia . You can see our detailed post for proper grip on this concept. https://theunconditionalguru.in/2020/04/11/how-to-find-a-lone-pair-in-simple-way/
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In this method the methyl ketone is treated firstly with sodium hydroxide so we get the sodium salt of acid which is further treated with hydrochloric acid to get the final product , that is a carboxylic acid.
Preparation of carboxylic acids from acyl halides is a simple method in which the acid chloride or halide is hydrolysed to give carboxylic acids. The general reaction and examples are given below..
In case of SF6 the hybridisation is sp3d2 and the structure is octahedral . In the view this structure the four Florine atoms are in equatorial position and two are in the axial position. and thus there are maximum of five atoms present in a single plane .
This is a type of reaction mechanism that is seen in case of nucleophillic substitution reactions. It is BIMOLECULAR NUCLEOPHILLIC SUBSTITUTION mechanism. In this kind of mechanism two molecules decide the rate of reaction, so it is BIMOLECULAR mechanism. The whole mechanism proceeds through a single step. That concerted step involves the bond breaking and
It is a type of condensation reaction that involves the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with succinic ester in the presence of sodium ethoxide or Potassium ethoxide to yield unsaturated ester acid . The complete reaction is as below. The mechanism involves 3 steps , and firstly the succinate is treated with base to
The aging of different organisms is mainly calculated by the special technique called the Radiocarbon dating. In this technique the age of any specimen is calculated on the basis of the present amount of an isotope of a particular element. Isotopes are the atoms of an element that have same atomic number but different atomic
The particles of atmosphere which are of colloidal size can easily scatter the blue component of the light. The wavelength of blue light allows its scattering easily. That’s why it appears blue in colour.
the atoms having same number of electrons, irrespective of atomic number or size or charge.
This happens because of corrosion of copper , as the copper is exposed to air it reacts slowly with water from the moisture present in air, carbondioxide and oxygen. And the product formed is a mixture of copper hydroxide and copper carbonate as shown below.
In case of SF4 there are 6 electrons in the outermost shell of Sulphur, out of these 6 electrons, 4 are utilized in bonding with fluorine and thus two unshared electrons are there. Which leads to the lone pair as shown below. Contribute to make this site more informative.
the atomic size of Krypton is larger than Bromine.
Actually the hydrogen bond is simply a type of attraction which is caused by the the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and highly electronegative element like oxygen carbon nitrogen and fluorine. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding takes place between two molecules having hydrogen and electronegative element. Hydrogen is attracted by the electronegative element of another molecule for example
chlorine shows exceptionally higher electron gain enthalpy than that of florine.
Actually the word co-ligative itself reveals that (“co” means each other and “ligative” means related) These are the properties which are related to each other. The colligative properties are those properties that depend on the number of solute particles in a solution or a mixture. “These properties don’t depend upon the nature of particles “.
The answer to this question is very simple . There are two major reasons behind it. 1. Catenation :- It is the property by which the carbon can make long chains, branched chains and ring or cylic structural by joining with its own atoms. Due to this it can make a variety of molecules. 2.
The outer or valence shell of these elements is complete. And they need not to make any bond. They do not share or transfer the electrons . Due to fully filled orbitals, Their ionisation enthalpies are also very high. So removing an electron from them is also very difficult. The examples of these are Helium,
Meaning of diprotic acid is that , it can loose two hydronium ions (H+) . For finding how many H+ ions it can give , we have to see its structure. Here it have only two hydroxyl groups that is -OH groups, and the hydrogen atoms joined to these only are ionisable. So only these
The structure of XeOF4 is square pyramidal. And its hybridization is sp³d² The structure of XeO3 is pyramidal and its hybridization is sp³.
It is the reaction between alkyl halides and sodium in the dry ether to give alkanes with higher number of carbon. 2R-X + 2 Na —> R-R +2NaX
It states that for a solution of volatile components, the partial vapour pressure of each component is directly proportion to the mole fraction of the component in the solution.
1.Temperature :- With increase in temperature the rate of vaporization also increase thus it creates more pressure. Moreover with increase in temperature the kinetic energy of the vapours also increase. 2. Nature of liquid:- The liquids with lower inter-particulate attractions have high vapour pressure as the formation of vapours is easy . Like acetone is
The substances whose conductivity lies between 10-⁶ to 10⁴ ohm-¹ . The range lies between conductors and insulators. Types 1. n-type :- These type of semiconductors have excess electrons present in the lattice that are responsible for the conduction. These are formed when the group 14 elements like Silicon are doped with group 15 elements
