It the ratio of number of moles of a perticular component to the total number of moles of components present in the mixture .
With change in temperature the volume of solvent increases ,due to this the molarity of the solution decreases.
Molarity : It decreases with increase in temperature. Molality : It remains constant . Doesn’t change. In the light of above points it is clear that any change in temperature can bring change in concentration of the solution.
Because the mass do not vary with change in temperature. It remains the same.
Molality remains unaffected with any change in temperature. This is due to the fact that it uses the mass of solvent in Kilograms instead of volume in litres.
Benzene is a non polar solvent and salt is polar in nature . Thus it is not soluble in benzene , whereas in case of water , water and salt both are polar in nature so it is soluble in water.
It is because of the fact that the water and alcohol are polar in nature . Moreover they make Hydrogen bonds, which are a type of weak attraction which facilitates their mixing in all proportions. The following diagram depicts that :-
It can be explained on the basis of simple fact that like dissolves like. Oil is non polar liquid where as water is polar liquid so these do not mix.
No , smoke is not a homogeneous solution . as the particle size of dispersed phase is larger it belongs to the colloidal mixture.
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane is an insecticide. It is banned in various countries . It is useful in killing various insects especially malaria causing mosquito.
These are prepared under anhydrous conditions as they easily react with water to give following reaction :-
The alkyl halides are polar in nature , but the molecules in them are strongly held by the hydrogen bonds formed between H and X (halide = F, Cl, Br atoms). these bonds are not easily broken, a lot of energy is required to break this interaction. Even the heat released at the time of
There are two major aspects that can explain this :- The C-Cl bond in case of chlorobenzene is having some double bond like character , which is indicated by its shorter bond length. thus it indicates the back-flow of electrons from the Chlorine to the Carbon. Thus the polarity decreases and it shows non polar
The nucleophiles which can attack from more than one sides (sites) or which have more than one elecron rich sites are called ambident nucleophiles .
It can be easily learned by Fazan’s rule that ion with more charge/radius ratio has more polarizing power. Now in case of pentahalides +5 , the charge/radius ratio is higher than +3, thus pentahalides have more polarizing power , thus it shows covalent character.
There are certain reactions that complete in a series of small steps , each complementary step is called an elementary step . and such reaction is called a complex reaction.
the rate constant is a constant term , whose value does not change with change in concentration . thus the value of k doesn’t change.
The Rate of rusting of iron depends upon the availability of H+ ions , more the ions more will be the rusting. But if we provide the alkaline medium , it will decrease the concentration of H+ ions. Thus the iron will not be oxidized from Fe to Fe2+ .
The discharge potential of Al3+ ion is higher than that of H+ , thus if we are using the aqueous solution of aluminium salt the hydronium ions are preferably discharged giving H2 gas at cathode and Al will remain in the solution. Thus we can not get Aluminium metal by electrolysis.
Rusting of iron is an electrochemical process , the presence of any ion facilitates the formation of rust. In saline water the presence of Na+ and Cl– ions increase the conductivity of the top layer of the iron , forming the Fe2+ ions . Thus the formation of Fe2O3 X H2O takes place quickly.
A metal with lower electrode potential can easily displace the metal with higher electrode potential from its salt solution . here are the metals arranged in their increasing order :- Mg , Al , Zn , Fe , Cu
Zero Pt , H2 1(atm) / H+ (1M) ; E0 = 0
Standard hydrogen electrode is the hydrogen electrode whose electrode potential is zero. half cell equation for this is as given below :- Pt , H2 1(atm) / H+ (1M) ; E0 = 0
The Unconditional Guru 